Cytotoxic, apoptotic and cell migration inhibitory effects of atranorin on SPC212 mesothelioma cells

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of atranorin, a lichen secondary metabolite, on SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cells in vitro. Methods: SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cell line was used. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cytotoxic effects of atranorin and cisplatin at 24, 48 and 72 h. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride staining were used for determining cell and nucleus morphology, respectively. Wound healing assay was used for investigating cell migration. The xCELLigence real-time cell analysis system was used for determining cell proliferation. Results: Atranorin at 5-450 mu M decreased cell viability at 24, 48 and 72 h. IC50 values of atranorin were 300.94, 292.6 and 278.02 mu M at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively; meanwhile, the IC50 values of cisplatin were 128.00, 34.37 and 17.05 mu M at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Furthermore, atranorin disrupted cell and nuclear morphology with increasing concentrations. Atranorin significantly reduced cell migration by 38%, 37% and 35% at 300.250 and 200 mu M. respectively (P<0.000). Atranorin at 160-450 mu M decreased cell proliferation at 72 h (P<0.000). Conclusions: Atranorin has cytotoxic, antiproliferative. apoptotic and cell migration inhibitory effects on SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cancer cells.